In a bold move signaling a major shift in global trade policy, the United States has declared that it cannot negotiate trade terms individually with 150 countries within a 90-day timeframe. Instead, it plans to implement new tariffs for all of them in the coming weeks. This announcement reflects not only logistical realities but also a strategic recalibration of U.S. trade policy with significant global implications.

The U.S. government’s admission that it cannot manage 150 bilateral negotiations in 90 days is not just a matter of capacity — it represents a deeper strategic pivot. Rather than relying on traditional one-on-one trade talks, the U.S. is opting for unilateral, sweeping action. This may involve implementing uniform or semi-uniform tariff policies across a broad range of nations.

This approach indicates:

• A shift from diplomacy to defense — protecting U.S. economic interests by acting swiftly and decisively.

• A move toward simplifying enforcement against what the U.S. perceives as unfair trade practices.

• An effort to rebalance global trade dynamics in favor of domestic industries, particularly in politically sensitive sectors.

This announcement is part of a broader movement toward economic nationalism, which includes:

• Onshoring and nearshoring of supply chains to reduce dependence on foreign manufacturing.

• Increasing investments in domestic production (e.g., semiconductors, EV batteries).

• Creating “friend-shoring” networks with trusted allies while applying pressure to others.

By hinting at tariffs for 150 countries — which represent nearly 80% of global trade partners — the U.S. is signaling a potential Trade War 2.0, but on a much broader scale than the one with China in the late 2010s.

1. Global Supply Chain Disruption

Tariffs increase the cost of goods entering the U.S., which may lead to:

• A ripple effect in global logistics, as exporters scramble to reconfigure routes and sourcing strategies.

• Higher costs for U.S. importers and consumers.

• Reduced trade flows, especially from smaller economies dependent on the U.S. market.

2. Decreased Predictability

Many countries — especially developing economies — rely on stable trade rules to plan production and investment. A sudden, sweeping tariff policy creates:

• Uncertainty in long-term contracts.

• Hesitation in foreign direct investment.

• The potential for retaliatory tariffs, further escalating global tensions.

3. Geopolitical Realignment

This move could:

• Strain relations with long-time allies who are suddenly hit with tariffs.

• Force countries to pivot towards regional alliances (e.g., ASEAN, BRICS, African Union).

• Accelerate the decoupling of East-West trade, leading to new global trade blocs.

While the U.S. may adopt differentiated tariffs, countries like Vietnam — which have enjoyed trade surpluses with the U.S. — must prepare for turbulence.

🔺 Risks:

• Increased scrutiny of origin rules to prevent transshipment from China.

• Possible inclusion in a generalized tariff regime if no bilateral exceptions are made.

• Reduced competitiveness in price-sensitive sectors like textiles, furniture, and electronics.

✅ Opportunities:

• If tariffs target advanced economies or non-compliant exporters, Vietnam may remain relatively safe — particularly if it:

  • Leverages trade agreements like CPTPP and EVFTA.

  • Proves transparent supply chains and compliance with U.S. regulations.

• Vietnam could position itself as a “friendly sourcing alternative” amid U.S.-China decoupling.

For Exporters:

• Diversify markets: Don’t rely solely on the U.S. — explore Europe, Middle East, Africa, and intra-Asia.

• Ensure supply chain transparency: Use blockchain or digital tracking to verify origin and avoid accusations of Chinese transshipment.

• Use FTAs effectively: Reduce tariffs through agreements like USMCA, CPTPP, or bilateral deals.

For Policymakers:

• Proactively engage with USTR: Maintain open diplomatic lines to negotiate exceptions or clarifications.

• Strengthen export compliance laws: Support businesses with origin audits, training, and digital certifications.

• Build national brands: Shift from OEM (original equipment manufacturing) to branded exports that command price premiums.

This U.S. move to impose tariffs on 150 countries represents not only a logistical necessity but also a strategic reshaping of global trade. Countries and exporters that adapt swiftly, prove compliance, and diversify their risk will weather the storm — and potentially gain competitive advantages.

Trade is no longer just about price and logistics. It’s about strategy, sovereignty, and resilience.